STEM INTEGRATION INTO BIOLOGY SPECIALIST TRAINING: A KEY TREND IN MODERN EDUCATION

Abstract

The article presents an example of conducting a biology laboratory lesson using STEM integration. The research was organized on the topic “Stress Factors Affecting Plants” and aimed at a scientific investigation of the impact of polyethylene waste on the physiological indicators of plants by students. During the lesson, students independently formulated hypotheses to solve a specific situational problem, created engineering models, conducted experiments, processed the obtained data using technological tools, and performed mathematical calculations. The experimental object selected for the study was Sorghum saccharatum (sugar sorghum). Various amounts of polyethylene waste were added to the soil, and parameters such as plant height, number of leaves, root length, fresh and dry biomass were recorded. The results demonstrated that plastic waste negatively affects soil properties and plant growth rates. Throughout the lesson, all four STEM components – science, technology, engineering, and mathematics—were applied in an interconnected manner. Students linked theoretical knowledge to real-life situations and mastered scientific methods through practical experience. Survey results indicated the high effectiveness of the STEM-based approach: 95% of students fully understood the content of the lesson, and 91% rated the research tasks as interesting. All participants (100%) observed the interconnection between STEM disciplines, which reflects the well-structured nature of the lesson. Furthermore, 93% reported an increase in their knowledge, 90% actively participated in the lesson, and 100% confirmed that their previous misconceptions were corrected. All students acknowledged the usefulness of technological tools. Although responses regarding the development of research skills were evenly split, it became clear that this area requires further deepening. The fact that 75% of students were able to express their opinions freely during group work indicates a supportive and open atmosphere in the classroom. The integrative experience contributed to the development of students’ research abilities, critical thinking, teamwork, and creativity. The article highlights the significance of STEM integration in biology education and proves its high effectiveness in preparing future educators.